Physicians, Pathologists

Anatomic Pathologist
Cytopathologist
Dermatopathologist
Forensic Pathologist
Hematopathologist
Neuropathologist
Oral Pathologist
Pathologist
Surgical Pathologist

What is a Physician, Pathologist?

A physician, pathologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the study and diagnosis of disease by examining tissues, organs, bodily fluids, and autopsies. Their primary role involves analyzing laboratory results, interpreting medical tests, and providing insights into the causes and consequences of diseases. Pathologists play a crucial role in patient care, as they help guide treatment decisions by identifying the nature of diseases through microscopic examination and various diagnostic tools. They often work closely with other healthcare professionals, including surgeons, oncologists, and primary care physicians, to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. In addition to clinical practice, many pathologists are involved in research and teaching, advancing knowledge in the field of medicine and contributing to the development of new diagnostic techniques.

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Job Outlook

Projected salary and job growth

This career will grow rapidly in the next few years.

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Assessment

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Tasks

  • Examine microscopic samples to identify diseases or other abnormalities.
  • Diagnose diseases or study medical conditions, using techniques such as gross pathology, histology, cytology, cytopathology, clinical chemistry, immunology, flow cytometry, or molecular biology.
  • Write pathology reports summarizing analyses, results, and conclusions.
  • Communicate pathologic findings to surgeons or other physicians.
  • Identify the etiology, pathogenesis, morphological change, and clinical significance of diseases.

Technology Skills

Knowledge

  • Medicine and Dentistry

    Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

  • Biology

    Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.

  • English Language

    Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.

  • Customer and Personal Service

    Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.

  • Education and Training

    Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

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Avg Salary: R85,566pm

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Achieving Work-Life Balance as a Pathologist in South Africa: An Expert’s Perspective

In my years navigating the corridors of both the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and private pathology practices across South Africa, I have come to realise that the "doctor’s doctor" often carries a weight that is invisible to the general public. We may not be at the bedside, but the diagnostic burden we carry is immense. Achieving a semblance of work-life balance in this field isn't just a luxury—it is a necessity for diagnostic accuracy and personal survival.

The Current Landscape: A Double-Edged Sword

I’ve seen the latest market data showing an average salary of around R85,566 per month for pathologists in South Africa. While this provides a comfortable middle-to-upper-class lifestyle, it comes at a cost. Currently, the market reflects zero active job openings on major portals, which tells a specific story: the pathology community is tight-knit, and positions are often filled through institutional succession or long-term private partnerships. This lack of "churn" means that once you are in a post, the pressure to perform and retain that spot is high.

In my experience, the South African context adds unique layers of stress. Whether you are dealing with the high volume of infectious disease cases in the public sector or the rapid turnaround expectations of private clinicians, the microscope can become a very lonely place.

Common Challenges in the Lab

The most significant hurdle I’ve observed is the "always-on" nature of modern medicine. Even though we aren't performing surgery, the surgeon is waiting for our frozen section results while the patient is open on the table. That level of adrenaline is hard to switch off when you head home to your family in the suburbs.

  • The Diagnostic Backlog: Especially in public health, the sheer volume of histology slides can be overwhelming. I’ve seen colleagues spend twelve hours a day hunched over a lens, leading to physical strain and mental fatigue.
  • Administrative Drift: As you move into senior roles, you are expected to organise laboratory protocols and manage technicians. This often eats into the time you should be spending on complex cases.
  • Isolation: Unlike our colleagues in the wards, we spend hours in darkened rooms. This lack of social interaction during the workday can lead to a specific type of burnout.

Strategies for Reclaiming Your Time

How do we find balance? I’ve had to learn the hard way that you cannot pour from an empty cup. Here are a few strategies I’ve seen work effectively for myself and my peers:

1. Strict Digital Boundaries: In my own career, I had to stop answering WhatsApp messages from clinicians after 7:00 PM unless it was a genuine emergency. I've seen that setting these boundaries early in your career helps others respect your time.

2. Ergonomic Investment: You cannot achieve work-life balance if you are in chronic pain. I always recommend that pathologists invest in the best ergonomic chair and microscope setup possible. If your body feels good at the end of the day, you have the energy to engage with your family or hobbies.

3. The "Batching" Method: I’ve found that I am most efficient when I organise my day into blocks. I dedicate the morning to high-concentration histology and the afternoon to administrative tasks and multidisciplinary meetings. This prevents the "task-switching" tax that drains our mental energy.

A Personal Story of Realisation

I remember a particular winter in Johannesburg a few years ago. I was chasing a backlog of biopsies, staying at the lab until 9:00 PM every night. I realised I was becoming irritable and, more dangerously, I was second-guessing my own diagnoses. I took a mandatory week off and spent it in the Drakensberg, completely offline. When I returned, my speed and clarity had doubled. It was a stark reminder: resting is actually a part of your professional duty. A tired pathologist is a liability.

My Recommendations for South African Pathologists

If you are currently feeling the strain, my advice is to look at your career as a marathon, not a sprint. With the current market being so stable (and the R85k average salary providing a solid foundation), you have the security to negotiate for better conditions.

  • Join a Peer Review Group: Not only does this help with CPD points, but it also provides a social outlet with people who understand your specific pressures.
  • Outsource the Mundane: If your salary allows, outsource domestic tasks. Use that extra time to exercise or pursue a hobby that has nothing to do with medicine.
  • Stay Current: Use digital pathology tools where available to streamline your workflow. Embracing technology can often shave an hour off your diagnostic day.

The path of a physician in pathology is one of the most rewarding in the medical field—we provide the answers that change lives. But to do that effectively, we must first look after ourselves. If you’re feeling stuck or unsure of your next move in this competitive market, it might be time to reflect on where you stand.

Are you making the most of your pathology career while maintaining your well-being? Take our career assessment today to see how your current role aligns with your long-term goals and lifestyle needs.

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Skills

  • Reading Comprehension

    Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.

  • Critical Thinking

    Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.

  • Writing

    Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.

  • Active Learning

    Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

  • Active Listening

    Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.

Abilities

  • Inductive Reasoning

    The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).

  • Problem Sensitivity

    The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.

  • Oral Comprehension

    The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.

  • Written Expression

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.

  • Deductive Reasoning

    The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.

Education

How much education does a new hire need to perform a job in this occupation?

  • Post-doctoral training
    62 %
  • Doctoral degree
    29 %
  • Master's degree
    6 %

Work Activities

  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge

    Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.

  • Documenting/Recording Information

    Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.

  • Processing Information

    Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.

  • Getting Information

    Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.

  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems

    Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.

Detailed Work Activities

  • Analyze laboratory specimens to detect abnormalities or other problems.
  • Diagnose medical conditions.
  • Operate laboratory equipment to analyze medical samples.
  • Prepare reports summarizing patient diagnostic or care activities.
  • Communicate test or assessment results to medical professionals.

Work Interests

  • Investigative

    Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.

  • Realistic

    Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

  • Conventional

    Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.

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This page incorporates data from O_NET OnLine, courtesy of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), under the CC BY 4.0 license. O_NET is a registered trademark of USDOL/ETA. Assessify has adapted and modified the original content. Please note that USDOL/ETA has neither reviewed nor endorsed these changes.